Back up the iPhone or iPad before beginning, do not skip a device backup otherwise you may suffer permanent data loss. Note that you can also use IPSW files when a device is in recovery mode or DFU mode if need be, but that is not specifically covered here. 
This walkthrough demonstrates using IPSW firmware files for updating an iPhone or iPad to iOS 11 that is operating as usual. Updating to iOS 11 Manually with Firmware and iTunes There are other reasons to use IPSW as well, but we’ll assume if you’re going the route of installing iOS 11 via firmware then you already know why you’re doing so and have a compelling reason to proceed.
Troubleshooting bricked devices: if an iPhone or iPad fails to properly install iOS 11 or the device is in an unusable state brought on by a failed software update (often referred to as being “bricked” because it is inoperable), you can often restore a device with IPSW via Recovery or DFU mode. For example, if your household as three iPhone 7 Plus devices, a single IPSW can be used to update all three 
Updating multiple same devices: You can multiple devices compatible with the same firmware file with a single firmware, thus preventing the need to re-download the update. Bandwidth considerations: You can download an IPSW file once from anywhere (either with higher speed internet access, or without a bandwidth cap) and then use the IPSW file to update. Storage considerations: You can update a storage constrained device since the firmware is not downloaded to the iPhone or iPad as it is through the Settings OTA method. But for those who use firmware, the primary reasons most individuals may use IPSW to install any new iOS versions are: It’s important to point out that most users should just update to iOS 11 using the usual Software Update approach detailed here. Nonetheless, it’s not terribly complicated and just about anyone can perform the procedure should they need to, if they follow instructions properly. In general, using IPSW to update iOS system software is considered advanced and is therefore only appropriate for more technically competent individuals.
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